Three‐dimensional scanning with dual‐source computed tomography in patients with acute skeletal trauma

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of multiplanar reformatted images and threedimensional images created after multidetector computed tomography examination in detecting acute posttraumatic osseous pathology of the skeletal system. METHOD: Between October 2006 and December 2008, 105 patients with a history of acute trauma were referred to our service. Patients were evaluated with multidetector computed tomography using multiplanary reconstructed images initially (R-I), and six months after this initial evaluation, three-dimensional images were assessed of each patient (R-II). Axial images were used for guiding as a reference Data obtained was recorded and graded according to importance levels of the pathologies. RESULTS: The R-II score was higher in the non-articular and highest in periartricular fractures of the extremities, and thoracic and pelvic cage injuries. For the spinal column, while R-I data was more significant In patients referred with polytrauma, R-II data, was more statistically significant, for short processing and adaptation time to acquiring immediate critical information. For all cases it was seen that three dimensional scans were more efficient in providing the orientation, within a short time. CONCLUSION: By dual source multidedector tomography systems trauma patients may be evaluated by multiplanary and three dimensionally reconstructed images. When used correctly, three dimensional imaging is advantageous and can help determine the exact nature and extension and also importance of osseous injuries

Pelvic Hydatid Disease: CT and MRI Findings Causing Sciatica

Pelvic masses, especially hydatid disease, rarely present with sciatica (1, 2). We present the computed tomography (CT) and the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of a 49-year-old female patient with presacral hydatid disease, who was evaluated for her sciatica. We also want to emphasize the importance of assessing the pelvis of patients with symptoms and clinical findings that are inconsistent and that cannot be satisfactorily explained by the spinal imaging findings

Radiologic Imaging in Psychiatric Disorders: Recent Developments

In recent years with emerging developments in radiological imaging techniques, it has been possible to determine the underlying morphologic, metabolic and even molecular pathologic basis of psychiatric disorders. In this review, we aimed to gather under the main headings, the spectrum of the imaging methods used in diagnosing psychiatric major diseases, characteristics of the existing systems, update information and future expectations. There is multitudinous published studies in the literature related to almost all psychiatric disorders and syndromes and the knowledge about them are much more than expected. As could easily be observed from literature evaluation, studies on computed tomography is almost ended, and MRI studies are shifted to advanced submodalities such as; fMRI, DWI, DTI. Combined imaging modalities like PET/CT and PET/MRI provide useful information in determination of metabolic activity of o focal or diffuse lesion area. Functional information is an helpful modality for directing the lesion localization especially in normal cross-sectional images and in the follow-up of the response to treatment. Radiologically, in the light of recent advances mainly depending on the MRI and PET technology; it is possible to identify the volumetric, functional, metabolic differences of the whole brain or of a special area. Thus the abnormalities in these mentioned parameters could also be evaluated for psychiatric diseases. In recent studies, anatomical based imaging principles somehow prone to shift molecular based imaging methods. So these genetic-molecular based studies currently ongoing in the experimental stage that make it possible to diagnose and monitor the primary pathology, give hope for the future of the imaging in psychiatric diseases

Pulsating Enophthalmos in Neurofibromatosis Type 1

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is a neurocutaneous syndrome with multisystem involvement, especially the central nervous system, eyes, and skin. In this article, we describe a patient with NF-1 with radiologically-imaged sphenoid wing aplasia that led to pulsatile enophthalmos. Although sphenoid wing aplasia in patients with NF-1 frequently occurs as painless pulsatile exophthalmos in clinical practice, as in our case it can rarely present as pulsatile enophthalmos. Globe pulsation occurs as a reflection of intracranial pulsation from direct contact of meningeal structures and globe, secondary to the defect in the posterior orbital wall. The diagnosis is made by the presence of characteristic bone defects on radiological imaging modalities and by the absence of vascular malformations on doppler ultrasonography or computed tomography angiography. [Med-Science 2015; 4(4.000): 2920-7

Bilateral Iris Atrophy after the Femtosecond Assisted Laser In Situ Keratomileusis Surgery

Purpose. To report an unknown complication of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery. Case Presentation. A 28-year-old female presented with photophobia and glare to our eye service. She stated in her medical history that she had undergone femtosecond assisted LASIK surgery in both eyes 15 months ago and her symptoms started just after this surgery. On admission, her best-corrected visual acuity was 10/10 in both eyes. She had mydriatic pupils with no direct light reflex. Examination of the anterior segment revealed bilateral iris atrophy projecting within the LASIK ablation zone and a transillumination defect was remarkable on the slit lamp examination. Conclusion. We hypothesized that this condition may have been caused by the abnormally increased IOP that resulted in ischemia in the iris vascular plexus during the suction process of surgery

Vein of foramen caecum: imaging findings

Vein of foramen caecum has been classically described as a vein that connects nasal mucosa to the superior sagittal sinus in classic anatomy textbooks. However, its existence is controversial in literature. Herein, we demonstrated computed tomography and contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging findings of a tubular vascular structure extending to nasal mucosa and superior sagittal sinus

Functional connectivity patterns in parosmia

Abstract Objective Parosmia is a qualitative olfactory dysfunction presenting as “distorted odor perception” in presence of an odor source. Aim of this study was to use resting state functional connectivity to gain more information on the alteration of olfactory processing at the level of the central nervous system level. Methods A cross sectional study was performed in 145 patients with parosmia (age range 20–76 years; 90 women). Presence and degree of parosmia was diagnosed on the basis of standardized questionnaires. Participants also received olfactory testing using the “Sniffin’ Sticks”. Then they underwent resting state scans using a 3 T magnetic resonance imaging scanner while fixating on a cross. Results Whole brain analyses revealed reduced functional connectivity in salience as well as executive control networks. Region of interest-based analyses also supported reduced functional connectivity measures between primary and secondary olfactory eloquent areas (temporal pole, supramarginal gyrus and right orbitofrontal cortex; dorso-lateral pre-frontal cortex and the right piriform cortex). Conclusions Participants with parosmia exhibited a reduced information flow between memory, decision making centers, and primary and secondary olfactory areas